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Authors
Saudin, Sumayyah Nasiruddin
Abdulshakoor, Ashfaq
Ngowi, Anthony
Kyejo, Willbroad
Matillya, Nancy
Orwa, James
Ratansi, Riaz
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Article History
Received: 5 October 2024
Accepted: 3 September 2025
First Online: 6 October 2025
Declarations
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: Ethical approval was obtained from the Aga Khan University Ethical Review Committee (Reference: AKU/2023/011/fb/05/04), and permission to collect data from clinical areas at MNH was granted by the Clinical Research, Training, and Consultancy Unit (Reference: MNH/CRTCU/Perm/2023/353).Study objectives and the intended use of the findings were explained to participants, and written informed consent was obtained before enrollment.Permission to use the WHOQOL-BREF questionnaires in both English and Swahili was obtained from the WHO permissions office prior to study initiation.
: Written consent for the publication of research findings was obtained from all legal custodians involved in the study. Participants were informed about the study’s purpose, the types of data collected, and the potential implications of publication. Confidentiality was ensured, and anonymity of all identifying information was maintained to protect participant privacy.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
