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Article History

Received: 27 May 2025

Accepted: 12 September 2025

First Online: 11 October 2025

Declarations

:

: The use of raw data (e.g., electronic medical records and original imaging files) was authorized by the signed informed consent form (including signature pages as legal certification) obtained from the patient’s legal guardians. All data were fully anonymized in compliance with the Declaration of Helsinki and institutional ethics committee regulations. De-identified data may be shared for legitimate academic purposes upon ethical approval by contacting the corresponding author (Email: zhangting0614@suda.edu.cn) for further inquiries.

: The authors declare no competing interests.