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Authors
Zhang, Suping
Li, Xintong
Ye, Sheng
Song, Weiting
Chen, Hong
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Natural Science Foundation of Ningde (2022J42)
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Article History
Received: 21 January 2025
Accepted: 24 September 2025
First Online: 24 October 2025
Declarations
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: The study adhered to the Declaration of Helsinki and received ethical approval from the Ethics Committee of Ningde Maternal and Child Health Hospital (Approval No. NDSFYBJYLL-2024-001). Written informed consent was obtained from the parents of all newborns before participation.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
