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Authors
Ekman, Freja K.
Torto, Niisoja M.
Hu, Katherine
Bowman, Catharine
Fariyike, Olubunmi A.
Yates, Justin J.
Payra, Syamantak
Khalil, Charbel Bou
Yoseph, Ezra T.
Ings, Rowan M.
Reed, Ruby E.
Rodriguez, Samuel T.
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Knight-Hennessy Scholars Program at Stanford University
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Article History
Received: 9 June 2025
Accepted: 6 October 2025
First Online: 9 January 2026
Declarations
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: This study was approved by Stanford University Institutional Review Board (IRB 64507). All participants, both pediatric patients and caregivers, provided informed assent/consent before enrolling in the study. Informed consent to participate was obtained from the parents or legal guardians of any participant under the age of 18. This study adhered to the principles of the Helsinki Declaration.
: All participants included in this study provided consent for their transcripts and photographs to be included as part of this study. Informed consent for publication of clinical details and/or clinical images was obtained from the parents of the participating patients under the age of 18.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
