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Article History

Received: 24 July 2025

Accepted: 28 November 2025

First Online: 18 December 2025

Declarations

:

: This study is a retrospective analysis. Given the patients’ prolonged hospitalization and recovery period, an extended follow-up was necessary to draw reliable conclusions. The data cover the period from June 2017 to September 2024, and the study was registered in June 2025. We confirm that the data analysis was conducted after the registration was completed. This study was performed in line with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki. Approval was granted by the Ethics Committee Board of Children’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine (Approval No. 2025-IRB-0059-P-01), registered at clinicalrials.gov (ChiCTR 2500104799) on June 24, 2025.This is an observational study. The local research ethics committee has confirmed that informed consent is not required.

: N/A.

: The authors declare no competing interests.