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Article History

Received: 24 July 2025

Accepted: 12 January 2026

First Online: 27 January 2026

Declarations

:

: This study was conducted in accordance with the ethical principles of the Declaration of Helsinki. the authors received ethical approval from the institutional review Board of the University of Rwanda College of Medicine and Health Sciences with reference number CMHS/IRB/067/2024, and the study settings granted written permission to conduct this study in addition prior to participating, all the participants were clearly informed orally and through written communication about the voluntarily nature of the involvement in this study along with the assurance of confidentiality and anonymity and informed consent was obtained from all mothers before they took part in the study, all consents were kept in securely storage and are available for authors of this article only.

: Not applicable.

: The authors declare no competing interests.