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Authors
Diala, Udochukwu Michael https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8088-535X
Envuladu, Esther Awazzi
Diala, Olubunmi Olushola
Toma, Bose Ozoiza
John, Collins
Chingle, Moses Peter
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Article History
Received: 28 April 2025
Accepted: 14 January 2026
First Online: 24 February 2026
Declarations
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: Ethical approval was obtained from the Human Ethics Review Committees of selected hospitals (JUTH/DCS/IREC/127/XXX1/2414, NHREC/05/01/2010b, NHREC/21/05/2005/00751) before commencing the study. Permission was obtained from domiciled departments and units. Written informed consent was obtained from mothers at recruitment. Data was deidentifed and managed with confidentiality.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
