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Authors
Bai, Dandan
Gu, Qi
Shen, Feifei
Suo, Guihai
Zheng, Yuqin
Li, Haiying
Wang, Hong
Cai, Jin
Wu, Youjia
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Key medical research project of Jiangsu Provincial Health Commission (ZD2021004)
Maternal and Child Health Research Project of Jiangsu Province (F202330)
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Article History
Received: 3 June 2025
Accepted: 13 February 2026
First Online: 9 March 2026
Declarations
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: This observational study was conducted in accordance with the ethical principles of the Declaration of Helsinki. Written informed consent was voluntarily obtained from all participants’ legal guardians after a full explanation of the study procedures. The research protocol was reviewed and approved by the Ethics Committee of Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University (Approval No. 2022-K017).
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
