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Authors
Wang, Mian
Wang, Tengfei
Zhang, Linli
Li, Mengsi
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
The Funding for Scientific Research Projects from Wuhan Municipal Health Commission (WX23A86)
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Article History
Received: 3 December 2025
Accepted: 13 February 2026
First Online: 9 March 2026
Declarations
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: This study was reviewed and approved by the Ethics Committee of Wuhan Wuchang Hospital (Approval No. 2024006). Given its retrospective design and the use of de-identified existing data from the electronic medical record system, the Ethics Committee waived the requirement for informed consent. This waiver included the consent from parents or legal guardians for minor participants (under 16 years of age). The study was conducted in accordance with the ethical principles of the Declaration of Helsinki.
: Not applicable (no individual person’s data in any form).
: The authors declare no competing interests.
