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Article History

Received: 9 January 2026

Accepted: 5 March 2026

First Online: 2 April 2026

Declarations

:

: Ethical approval for this study was obtained from the Nursing Research Ethics Committee, Faculty of Nursing, Mansoura University, Egypt. The study was conducted in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional research committee and with the 1964 Helsinki Declaration and its later amendments.Written informed consent was obtained from all participating mothers on behalf of themselves and their children prior to data collection. Participants were informed about the purpose of the study and were assured that participation was voluntary, that confidentiality and anonymity would be maintained, and that they had the right to withdraw from the study at any time without any consequences.

: Not applicable.

: The authors declare no competing interests.