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Authors
Ampofo, Krow
Heller, Evan
Platt-Koch, Alexander
Gesteland, Per
Miller, Kaleb
Loveridge, Abbey
Adua, Lazarus
Zhang, Yue
Ruggieri, Madelyn
Choi, Yoonyoung
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Merck (Not applicable)
Merck (Not applicable)
Merck (Not applicable)
Merck (Not applicable)
Merck (Not applicable)
Merck (Not applicable)
Merck (Not applicable)
Merck (Not applicable)
Merck (Not applicable)
Merck (Not applicable)
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More Information
Article History
Received: 30 September 2025
Accepted: 7 April 2026
First Online: 30 April 2026
Declarations
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: The study was conducted in accordance with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki with ethical approval obtained from the University of Utah and Intermountain Healthcare Institutional Review Board (IRB). Given the retrospective nature of the study, a waiver of informed consent was granted by the IRB under 45 CFR 164.512. Confidentiality and security of patient information were ensured in line with hospital data security protocols.
: Not applicable.
: Madelyn Ruggieri and Dr. Yoonyoung Choi are employees of Merck Sharp & Dohme LLC, a subsidiary of Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, New Jersey, USA.University of Utah received research funding from Merck Sharp & Dohme LLC, a subsidiary of Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, New Jersey, USA to conduct this study.
