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Authors
Chen, Yan
Feng, Qi
wen Liu, Qian
Xiao, Yuanyuan
Wu, Xin
Xie, Qiang Ming
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province (2025JJ80521)
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Article History
Received: 6 February 2026
Accepted: 18 May 2026
First Online: 28 May 2026
Declarations
Ethics approval and consent to participate: This study was approved by the Ethics Committee of the Changsha Center for Disease Control and Prevention (Approval No. CSCDCKYLL2024-007. Before enrollment, written informed consent was obtained from the parents or legal guardians of all participants. During data collection, oral informed consent was secured from the students following a comprehensive explanation of the study procedures, ensuring their voluntary participation and understanding. All procedures performed in this study involving human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional research committee and with the 1964 Helsinki declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards.
Consent for publication: Not applicable.
Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests.
