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Authors
Nkya, Hajji
Shayo, Aisa
Machaku, Dennis
Mmbaga, Blandina
Kinabo, Grace
Majaliwa, Esther
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Article History
Received: 8 October 2025
Accepted: 22 May 2026
First Online: 9 June 2026
Declarations
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: This study was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki. Ethical approval was obtained from the Kilimanjaro Clinical Research Ethics Committee (KCR EC) (Ref: PG 101/2023). The requirement for informed consent was waived by the Kilimanjaro Clinical Research Ethics Committee due to the retrospective nature of the study and the use of anonymized secondary data from medical records and oncology registries. Patient confidentiality was maintained throughout the study by anonymizing all extracted data.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
