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Authors
Abdulmoghni, Rihana
Hafeez, Uffaira
Ngamba-Mulebo, Alain
Sultan, Yousef
Mohammed, Zakaria
Zelikova, Evgenia
Hozjan-Gaudin, Melissa
Ledger, Elizabeth
Poulet, Elisabeth
Malaeb, Rami
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Article History
Received: 2 April 2026
Accepted: 25 May 2026
First Online: 2 June 2026
Declarations
Ethics approval and consent to participate: This study was approved by the Ministry of Health Ethics Committee, Yemen (Reference: 84, S.M) and received an exemption from the Médecins Sans Frontières Ethical Review Board (MSF-ERB). As this was a retrospective study using routinely collected, anonymized hospital data, the requirement for informed consent from parents or legal guardians of neonates was waived by both ethics committees, in accordance with national regulations and institutional guideline.
Consent for publication: Not applicable.
Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests.
