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Article History

Received: 27 January 2026

Accepted: 5 June 2026

First Online: 16 June 2026

Declarations

Ethics approval and consent to participate: Regarding ethical approval, the researcher obtained ethical clearance of the study from the administration of Busitema University, clearance from BUFHSREC with registration number: REF BUFHS-2025–808. The administration of Mbale City was given an introductory letter from Busitema University introducing the researchers to conduct the study in the city. The city administration there after gave city administrative clearance. The researcher obtained informed consent from the respondents by informing the respondents about the purpose of the study and how they were expected to participate, the benefits of the study to them and the risks involved if any. Participation was voluntary basis. The researcher observed anonymity by keeping the identities of the respondents undisclosed and confidential by not using their names. The researcher ensured that the responses that were obtained were kept confidential under lock and key and were only used for academic purposes. In this study we adhered to the declaration of Helsinki on medical research involving human subjects [ – ].

Consent for publication: Not applicable.

Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests.