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Article History

Received: 13 March 2026

Accepted: 17 July 2026

First Online: 22 July 2026

Declarations

Ethics approval and consent to participate: This study was conducted in accordance with the ethical principles of the Declaration of Helsinki and adhered to international guidelines for research involving human participants. Ethical clearance was obtained from the Jimma University Institutional Review Board with Ref. No. JUIH/IRB/246/25. The official letters were obtained from the Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics. A permission letter was obtained from the management of JUMC and SGGH for data collection. Since the study was retrospective and did not involve any personally identifiable information, the ethical committee waived the requirement for informed consent. The information obtained from the patient records was kept anonymous, and confidentiality was maintained. Any information from patients’ records was used only for the purpose of the study, as clearly described to the ethical review board.

Consent for publication: Not applicable.

Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests.