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Authors
Stein, Dan J.
Kazdin, Alan E.
Munthali, Richard J.
Hwang, Irving
Harris, Meredith G.
Alonso, Jordi
Andrade, Laura Helena
Bruffaerts, Ronny
Cardoso, Graça
Chardoul, Stephanie
de Girolamo, Giovanni
Florescu, Silvia
Gureje, Oye
Haro, Josep Maria
Karam, Aimee N.
Karam, Elie G.
Kovess-Masfety, Viviane
Lee, Sing
Medina-Mora, Maria Elena
Navarro-Mateu, Fernando
Posada-Villa, José
Stagnaro, Juan Carlos
ten Have, Margreet
Sampson, Nancy A.
Kessler, Ronald C.
Vigo, Daniel V.
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Aguilar-Gaxiola, Sergio
Al-Hamzawi, Ali
Altwaijri, Yasmin A.
Atwoli, Lukoye
Benjet, Corina
Borges, Guilherme
Bromet, Evelyn J.
Bunting, Brendan
Caldas-de-Almeida, Jose Miguel
Chatterji, Somnath
Cia, Alfredo H.
Degenhardt, Louisa
Demyttenaere, Koen
Hinkov, Hristo
Hu, Chi-yi
de Jonge, Peter
Karam, Aimee Nasser
Karam, Georges
Kawakami, Norito
Kiejna, Andrzej
Lepine, Jean-Pierre
McGrath, John J.
Moskalewicz, Jacek
Piazza, Marina
Scott, Kate M.
Slade, Tim
Torres, Yolanda
Viana, Maria Carmen
Whiteford, Harvey
Williams, David R.
Wojtyniak, Bogdan
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Medical Research Council of South Africa
The European Commission (QLG5-1999-01042)
Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Spain (FIS 00/0028)
Ministerio de Ciencia y Tecnología, Spain (SAF 2000-158-CE)
Generalitat de Catalunya (2017 SGR 452)
Instituto de Salud Carlos III (CIBER CB06/02/0046)
State of São Paulo Research Foundation (FAPESP) Thematic Project Grant (03/00204-3)
National Institute of Health / Fogarty International Center (R03 TW006481-01)
The National Institute of Psychiatry Ramon de la Fuente (INPRFMDIES 4280)
National Council on Science and Technology (CONACyT-G30544- H)
The Argentinian Ministry of Health (2002-17270/13-5)
United States National Institute of Mental Health (R01 MH070884)
United States Public Health Service (R13-MH066849)
The Fogarty International Center (FIRCA R03-TW006481)
National Institute of Mental Health (U01-MH60220)
The Robert Wood Johnson Foundation (044708)
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Article History
Received: 16 May 2022
Accepted: 13 February 2023
First Online: 4 April 2023
Declarations
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: All methods were carried out in accordance with relevant guidelines and regulations. The study protocol was approved by all local institutional review boards. Written or verbal informed consent was obtained in a manner consistent with the regulations of each country. Details of the ethics committees for the WMH surveys can be viewed at this link: . They are: Bioethics Committee, School of Medicine, University of Buenos Aires (Argentina); Ethics Committee of the Institute of Public Health (Federal Public Service Health, Food Chain Safety, and Environment) (Belgium); Research and Ethics Committee of the School of Medicine, University of São Paulo (Brazil, São Paulo metropolitan area); Ethics Committee for the FES Social Foundation (Colombia); Research Committee of the School of Medicine, and Ethics Committee CES University of Medellín (Colombia – Medellín); Committee of the CNIL - Commission Nationale Informatique et Libertés (France); Ethics Committee of the University of Leipzig (Germany); Italian National Institute of Health (Italy); University of Balamand Faculty of Medicine Institutional Review Board (Lebanon); Ethics committee in research of the National Institute of Psychiatry Ramon de la Fuente Muñiz (Mexico); Ethics Committee of the Netherlands Institute of Mental Health and Addiction (Netherlands); University of Ibadan/University College Hospital Joint Ethics Committee (Nigeria); Ethics Committee, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade Nova de Lisboa (Portugal); Ethic Commission, Scientific Board of National Institute for Research and Development in Health (Romania); Ethical committee of Sant Joan de Deu Serveis de Salut Mental and Ethical Committee of Institut Municipal d’Investigació Mèdica (Spain); Clinical Research Ethical Committee of Hospital Universitario Virgen de la Arrixaca (Murcia, Spain) (Spain - Murcia); Human Subjects Committees of the Institute for Social Research at the University of Michigan and of Harvard Medical School (United States).
: Not applicable.
: MGH reports consulting fees from RAND Corporation outside the submitted work.In the past 3 years, RCK was a consultant for Cambridge Health Alliance, Canandaigua VA Medical Center, Holmusk, Partners Healthcare, Inc., RallyPoint Networks, Inc., and Sage Therapeutics. He has stock options in Cerebral Inc., Mirah, PYM, and Roga Sciences.FN-M reports non-financial support from Otsuka outside the submitted work.DJS has received honoraria from Discovery Vitality, Johnson & John, Kanna, L’Oreal, Lundbeck, Orion, Sanofi, Servier, Takeda, and Vistagen.The remaining authors declare that they have no competing interests.
