Saleem, Haneefa T.
West, Nora S.
Likindikoki, Samuel
Funding for this research was provided by:
National Institute on Drug Abuse (K01DA047142)
National Institutes of Health (P30AI094189)
Article History
Received: 11 October 2022
Accepted: 7 July 2023
First Online: 18 July 2023
Declarations
:
: All procedures followed were in accordance with the ethical standards of the responsible committee on human experimentation (institutional and national) and with the Helsinki Declaration of 1975, as revised in 2000. The study was reviewed and approved by the Senate Research and Publications Committee at the Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences (DA.282/298/01.C/), the National Health Research Ethics Review Committee at the National Institute for Medical Research in Tanzania (NIMR/HQ/R.8a/Vol. IX/3048), and the Institutional Review Board at the Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health (IRB00008793). All participants provided oral informed consent prior to study participation, which was approved by the Senate Research and Publications Committee at the Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, the National Health Research Ethics Review Committee at the National Institute for Medical Research in Tanzania, and the Institutional Review Board at the Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health. Oral consent was obtained because written consent would be the only record with the names of women participating in the study. Given the illegality of heroin use, women may have been hesitant to participate in a study if they knew that their names would be on record. Additionally, oral consent allowed us to mitigate risks of breaches in confidentiality that could have placed participants in trouble with law enforcement.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.