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Article History

Received: 3 October 2023

Accepted: 28 November 2023

First Online: 11 December 2023

Declarations

:

: All procedures performed in the study were in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki. The study protocols for NHANES were approved by the National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS) Research Ethics Review Board (Protocol#2017–1). All adult participants in NHANES had provide informed consent to the purpose, risks and benefits of the study and signed an informed consent form.

: Not applicable.

: The authors declare no competing interests.