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Article History

Received: 31 December 2024

Accepted: 3 March 2025

First Online: 14 March 2025

Declarations

:

: In accordance with the institutional review board (Ethics Application No: KY20234188–1), the current study, classified as low-risk research in school settings involving children aged 14 and above, follows ethical guidelines that allow for approval from either the school director or the teacher as a substitute for parental consent for participants under the age of 16. Prior to distributing the questionnaires, approval was obtained from the head psychological education teacher. Informed consent was then obtained from all participants, ensuring they understood the purpose, procedures, and any potential risks of the study. Participants were also made aware that their involvement was voluntary and that they could withdraw at any time without any negative consequences.

: Not applicable.

: The authors declare no competing interests.