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Article History

Received: 1 February 2024

Accepted: 5 March 2025

First Online: 14 March 2025

Declarations

:

: The present study was approved by the School of Psychology Research Ethics Committee, Fujian Normal University (code number: SCNU-PSY-2020-12-010). All research procedures involving human participants are in accordance with the ethical standards of the agency and / or the National Research Council, as well as the 1964 Helsinki Declaration and its subsequent amendments or similar ethical standards. Informed consent was obtained from all subjects.

: The manuscript is an original work that has not been published elsewhere and has not been submitted to other journals simultaneously. We hold the full copyright to the content of the manuscript. All data and information in the manuscript are accurate. The identities of all participants in the manuscript have been anonymized, and their explicit informed consent has been obtained. We understand and agree to the copyright policy and publication license agreement of BMC Psychiatry.

: The authors declare no competing interests.