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Article History

Received: 30 July 2024

Accepted: 9 June 2025

First Online: 1 July 2025

Declarations

:

: The study adhered to the ethical principles outlined in the Declaration of Helsinki and followed Good Epidemiological Practices (GEP) as defined by the International Society for Pharmacoeconomics and Outcomes Research (ISPOR). Approval for the study protocol was obtained from the Toukeikai Kitamachi Clinic Ethical Review Board in Japan (approval number: EJP09413). Appropriate confidentiality measures were implemented throughout the study to safeguard the privacy of all respondents’ records, ensuring that individual respondents always remained unidentified. Each respondent had provided informed electronic consent prior to participating in the study.

: Not applicable.

: MK, AW, and NL are employee of Janssen Pharmaceutical K.K., Tokyo, Japan. TK reports personal fees from Janssen Asia Pacific/Vista Health related to this work, reports grants from Sumitomo Pharma Co., Ltd., Otsuka Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Takeda Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Eli Lilly Japan K.K., Teijin Pharma, Daiichi Sankyo Co., Ltd., EA Pharma Co., Ltd., and Eisai Co., Ltd., personal fees from Sumitomo Pharma Co., Ltd., Otsuka Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Takeda Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Eisai Co., Ltd., Meiji Seika Pharma Co., Ltd., Shionogi & Co., Ltd., Mochida Pharmaceutical Co., Janssen Pharmaceutical K.K., Janssen Asia Pacific, Vista Health, Yoshitomiyakuhin, MSD K.K., Japan Boehringer Ingelheim, Kyowa Pharmaceutical Industry Co., Ltd., Viatris, Mylan EPD, H.U. Frontier, Lundbeck Japan K.K., Nihon Medi-physics Co., Ltd., Glaxo-SmithKline, Novartis Pharma, EA Pharma Co., and Ono Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., outside the submitted work. TW and KH are employees of Janssen Asia Pacific, a division of Johnson & Johnson Pte Ltd, Singapore. LV is an employee of Oracle Life Sciences, Singapore.