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Authors
Yu, Yifan
Zhang, Shuaijie
Li, Hongkai
Xue, Fuzhong
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
National Natural Science Foundation of China (82330108)
Key Technology Research and Development Program of Shandong Province (2021SFGC0504)
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Article History
Received: 3 January 2025
Accepted: 7 July 2025
First Online: 4 August 2025
Declarations
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: This study was performed in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki and was approved by the Institutional Review Board of the Shandong University School of Public Health, China (Approval No. LL20240308). The research involved secondary analysis of fully anonymized electronic health records, and informed consent was not required, as determined by the Institutional Review Board of the Shandong University School of Public Health, in accordance with the Measures for the Ethical Review of Life Science and Medical Research Involving Humans (2023), issued by the National Health Commission of China.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
