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Authors
Xu, Lei
Zhang, Yang
Zhang, Jin
Xiao, Wenyan
Liu, Yu
Li, Qi
Yang, Min
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
National Natural Science Foundation of China (82072134)
Anhui Province Key Research and Development Plan High-tech Special Project (202304a05020071)
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Article History
Received: 19 March 2025
Accepted: 5 August 2025
First Online: 26 August 2025
Declarations
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: The study analyzed data obtained from the MIMIC-IV and eICU-CRD public databases. The data used in this study were de-identified and publicly available, ensuring that patient confidentiality and privacy were maintained. The Institutional Review Boards (IRB) of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center provided ethical approval for the use of these databases in research. The IRBs of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center granted a waiver of informed consent due to the retrospective nature of the study and the use of de-identified data. Details of the databases are available at the following links: MIMIC-IV: https://mimic.mit.edu, eICU-CRD: https://eicu-crd.mit.edu.
: All the authors agree to the publication of this work.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
