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Authors
Hamad, Amani F.
Monchka, Barret A.
Bolton, James M.
Roos, Leslie L.
Elgendi, Mohamed
Lix, Lisa M.
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
The Winnipeg Foundation Innovation Fund of the Rady Faculty of Health Sciences
The Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR) Foundation Grant (143293)
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Article History
Received: 19 June 2025
Accepted: 11 August 2025
First Online: 25 September 2025
Declarations
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: This study was approved by the Health Research Ethics Board of the University of Manitoba, and the Manitoba Health Information Privacy Committee (now the Provincial Health Research Privacy Committee) approved data access (HIPC/PHRPC #: 2019/2020–52). All procedures were carried out in accordance with the Tri-Council Policy Statement: Ethical Conduct for Research Involving Humans (TCPS 2) and relevant privacy legislation, including Manitoba’s Personal Health Information Act (PHIA).The study used de-identified administrative data, and the requirement for individual consent to participate was waived by the approving ethics committees.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
