Smith, Katharine A. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2679-1472
Hamer-Hunt, Julia https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3037-4110
Kormilitzin, Andrey https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3555-9181
Page, Helen https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5781-9282
Joyce, Dan W. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9433-5340
Cipriani, Andrea https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5179-8321
,
Grieve, Jane
Colta, Oana
McMahon, Jim
Hammil-Evans, Lindsey
Larkworthy, Colin W.
Bryant, Alison Ali
McCarthy, Maxine
Davies, Nathan
Keates, K. M.
Blaney, Julie
Barnes, Sean
Bryant, Terry
Ahmed, Saiqa
C, Joanna
Brunwin, Katie
Laftah, Omar
Funding for this research was provided by:
National Institute for Health and Care Research (AI_AWARD 02183)
Article History
Received: 4 July 2025
Accepted: 12 August 2025
First Online: 13 January 2026
Declarations
:
: The classification group of the Medical Sciences Interdivisional Research Ethics Committee of the University of Oxford reviewed the project and agreed that it should be classed as service development, thus not requiring any formal ethics or regulatory approval, in accordance with national guidelines ( ). Individual written consent was taken from participants before they took part in the study and any questions they had relating to the study were answered by the research team. The study was completed in compliance with the Declaration of Helsinki ( ).
: Not applicable.
: KAS, DWJ, AK, HP, JHH report no conflict of interest. AC has received research and consultancy fees from the Italian Network for Pediatric Clinical Trials, the Cariplo Foundation, Lundbeck, and Angelini Pharma outside the submitted work.