Document is current

Article History

Received: 20 May 2025

Accepted: 11 September 2025

First Online: 2 October 2025

Declarations

:

: The study was in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki and approved by the Ethics Committee of Guangxi Medical University (Approval number: 20200016), Clinical trial number: not applicable. As all participants were minors (Grades 5–12), written informed consent was obtained from both the students and their legal guardians prior to participation. The procedures for obtaining, collecting, protecting, and using participants’ information complied with the relevant laws and regulations of the People’s Republic of China on the protection of minors, the administrative requirements of the participating educational institutions, and the ethical principles outlined in the Declaration of Helsinki. All personal data were anonymized and stored securely to ensure confidentiality.

: This study has obtained written informed consent from all participants and their guardians. If necessary, please obtain the informed consent forms for each participant and their guardian from the author.

: The authors declare no competing interests.