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Authors
Nap, Eline W.
Scheepers, Floortje E.
Mulder, Cornelis L.
Kamperman, Astrid M.
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
ESPRi
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Article History
Received: 9 March 2025
Accepted: 18 September 2025
First Online: 27 November 2025
Declarations
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: This study used de-identified retrospective data that was collected for treatment purposes, not for research purposes under the rules of the Dutch Central Committee on Research Involving Human Subjects (CCMO). For this reason, it does not fall under the definition of medical research in the Dutch Act for Medical Research Involving Human Subjects (WMO) (source decision tree: ). For the same reason, no external medical or ethical permission was requested.In compliance with national legislation and institutional requirements, written informed consent is not required for this type of secondary data analysis as determined by the institutional Research Review Board (CWO Antes).All patient data was handled in accordance with relevant local and international privacy regulations and ethical guidelines, including those in the Declaration of Helsinki.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
