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Authors
Ougrin, Dennis
Thaventhiran, Thilipan
Wong, Ben Hoi-Ching
Pilecka, Izabela
Landau, Sabine
Byford, Sarah
Chu, Petrina
Jafari, Hassan
Heslin, Margaret
Tassie, Emma
Reavey, Paula
Zundel, Toby
Wait, Mandy
Woolhouse, Ruth
Mehdi, Tauseef
Tolmac, Jovanka
Clacey, Joe
Wehncke, Leon
Dobler, Veronika Beatrice
Bevan-Jones, Rhys
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
National Institute for Health and Care Research (NIHR127408)
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Article History
Received: 5 March 2025
Accepted: 13 October 2025
First Online: 19 February 2026
Declarations
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: Ethical approval for this study was granted by the West Midlands and Black Country Research Ethics Committee (REC reference: 20/WM/0069). The trial was prospectively registered with the ISRCTN registry (ISRCTN42999542; registration date: 29 April 2020). All participants, or their legal guardians for those under 16 years of age, provided written informed consent prior to enrolment. The study was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki (1975), as revised in 2013, and complied with all relevant national and institutional ethical standards.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
