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Authors
Almadani, Ahmad H. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4490-3220
Alghamdi, Ayedh H. https://orcid.org/0009-0009-5452-0961
Bashandi, Abdulelah A. https://orcid.org/0009-0000-3355-8957
Alqarni, Badr M. https://orcid.org/0009-0009-8516-156X
Alsalman, Falwah S. https://orcid.org/0009-0007-1182-7934
Binbakhit, Abdulrahman I. https://orcid.org/0009-0000-0645-049X
Alenazi, Ziyad B. https://orcid.org/0009-0007-5335-5330
Albadi, Elaaf A. https://orcid.org/0009-0001-6437-0348
Alkhilaiwi, Noorah E. https://orcid.org/0009-0005-7109-9057
Alfarraj, Yara A. https://orcid.org/0009-0003-5933-3600
Muhnna, Abdullah K. https://orcid.org/0009-0009-3689-6201
Aljaffer, Mohammed A. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0345-5567
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Article History
Received: 29 July 2025
Accepted: 3 November 2025
First Online: 27 November 2025
Declarations
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: This study was approved by the Institutional Review Board at the College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia (research project no. E-24-9386, approval date 19 December 2024), and was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki.
: Informed consent to participate was obtained from all participants.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
