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Authors
Neyazi, Ahmad
Rahimi, Bilal Ahmad
Mohammadi, Abdul Qadim
Satapathy, Prakasini
Shikhulislamy, Yasamin
Qaderi, Farima
Qarizada, Bibi Shahd
Afzali, Habibah
Neyazi, Mehrab
Griffiths, Mark D.
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Article History
Received: 16 April 2024
Accepted: 5 November 2025
First Online: 20 November 2025
Declarations
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: The present study obtained ethical clearance from the “Afghanistan Center for Epidemiological Studies - Ethical Committee” with reference number #23.1.006. Upon initial interaction with participants, a thorough exposition of the study’s objectives was presented. Prior to their involvement, informed consent was obtained from all participants. The participants were also assured of their right to withdraw from the study at any stage. All procedures strictly adhered to relevant ethical principles and regulatory guidelines.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
