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Authors
Loewus, Jenna
Abbo, Catherine
Bollepalli, Gouri
Babikako, Harriet M.
Annyapu, Evanka
Racheal, Banona
Masaaba, Wangwa J.
Mitchell, Yukiko A.
Kabanda, Richard
Kiconco, Arthur
Cassidy, Laura D.
Anguzu, Ronald
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Article History
Received: 19 March 2025
Accepted: 26 November 2025
First Online: 8 January 2026
Declarations
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: Ethical approvals for this study were granted by The AIDS Support Organization (TASO), the Medical College of Wisconsin Institutional Review Board, and national clearance from the Uganda National Council for Science and Technology (UNCST). Informed consent was obtained from all study participants who were adolescents with biological children. According to the USCNST, adolescent mothers with biological children are considered emancipated minors and can consent.
: Informed consent was obtained from all study participants. This study guaranteed the confidentiality of participant information through an anonymized database and adhered to the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
