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Authors
Magnerou, Annick Mélanie
Eyoum, Christian
Fochive Harouna Bako, Abdoulaye
Sini, Victor
Massi Gams, Daniel
Lamou Bila Gueumekane, Eric
Iyawa, Hassanatou
Doumbe, Jacques Narcisse
Kuate-Tegueu, Callixte
Mapoure, Yacouba Njankouo
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Article History
Received: 22 June 2025
Accepted: 3 December 2025
First Online: 13 December 2025
Declarations
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: The study received approval from the Institutional Ethics Committee of the University of Douala (Approval No. 4137). All participants provided free and informed consent after being clearly informed about the study objectives, methodology, potential risks, and expected benefits. The principles of anonymity, confidentiality, justice, and beneficence were strictly observed. The research was conducted in accordance with the declaration of Helsinki and relevant national ethical guidelines.
: Not applicable. No identifiable personal data are published in this manuscript.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
