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Authors
Yang, Yu-Xuan
Ye, Gui-Chen
Yao, Qing-Xu
Zhong, Xing-Yu
Xiong, Yi-Fan
Zhong, Ming-Liang
Gong, Xi
Wang, Shao-Gang
Xia, Qi-Dong
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Hubei Urology Minimally Invasive Therapy Clinical Medical Center (SCZ2023015)
Natural Science Foundation of Hubei Province (ZRMS2020002466)
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Article History
Received: 25 April 2025
Accepted: 8 January 2026
First Online: 19 January 2026
Declarations
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: This study complies with the ethical principles set forth in the Declaration of Helsinki. The dataset utilized in this study is publicly accessible through the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) 17 Registries Database ( ).
: Patient consent was waived because the SEER database is publicly available and contains de-identified data.
: Not applicable.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
