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Authors
He, RongFang https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4215-764X
Xiang, Bo https://orcid.org/0009-0006-8459-6113
Lin, Min https://orcid.org/0009-0008-0579-2744
Chen, Juan https://orcid.org/0009-0000-8668-9969
Lin, ShuMei https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9130-6117
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Medical Development Fund of Xi'an Jiaotong University (XJYG2025-SFJJ024)
Project of Luzhou Science and Technology Bureau (2024JYJ023)
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Article History
Received: 19 September 2025
Accepted: 13 January 2026
First Online: 29 January 2026
Declarations
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: The authors formulated the protocols for the aforementioned study. The Human Ethics Committees of the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University and the Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University sanctioned these protocols (reference number afSMC15, dated December 15, 2020). This study adheres to Chinese law and the Helsinki Declaration (v2008). All participants provided written informed consent prior to their inclusion in the study. As all participants were medical undergraduates aged 18 years or older, parental consent and minor assent protocols were not applicable.
: Not applicable.
: All the data and related metadata underlying the reported findings have already been provided as part of the submitted article. There are no data files (data tables, data figures, and others) referred to in this manuscript. Therefore, there is nothing to deposit in the appropriate public data repositories.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
