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Authors
Marafino, Ben J.
Kline-Simon, Andrea H.
Stavers-Sosa, Icelini
Cronkite, David J.
Gerstley, Lawrence D.
Durojaiye, Cimone
Kelley, Ann
Kiel, Linda
Ramaprasan, Arvind
Carrell, David S.
Penfold, Robert B.
Hirschtritt, Matthew E.
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Garfield Memorial Fund (NA)
Garfield Memorial Fund (NA)
Garfield Memorial Fund (NA)
Garfield Memorial Fund (NA)
Garfield Memorial Fund (NA)
Garfield Memorial Fund (NA)
Garfield Memorial Fund (NA)
Garfield Memorial Fund (NA)
Garfield Memorial Fund (NA)
Garfield Memorial Fund (NA)
Garfield Memorial Fund (NA)
Garfield Memorial Fund (NA)
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More Information
Article History
Received: 20 August 2025
Accepted: 21 January 2026
First Online: 10 February 2026
Declarations
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: This study was approved as minimal risk by the Kaiser Permanente Northern California (KPNC) Institutional Review Board, which granted a waiver of informed consent. All work was undertaken in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki.
: Not applicable.
: Dr. Robert Penfold reports receiving research funding to his institution from SAGE Therapeutics and Amazon Web Services. The remaining authors declare that they have no competing interests.
