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Authors
Khawar, Rabia https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9588-6251
Hussain, Samavia https://orcid.org/0009-0000-9890-5809
Aslam, Memoona
Dogar, Imtiaz Ahmad https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1283-5991
Kareem, Owais https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0790-5115
Shahid, Sana https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0973-1008
Butt, Ammara
Ahmad, Hira
Akram, Bushra https://orcid.org/0009-0009-2072-3752
Amin, Rizwana https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3262-6329
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Higher Education Commision, Pakistan (GCF-844)
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Article History
Received: 9 May 2025
Accepted: 26 January 2026
First Online: 7 February 2026
Declarations
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: The Ethics Review Committee (ERC) of Government College University approved the current study under the reference Number: GCUF/ERC/351. In situations where the diagnosed parent was undergoing psychiatric treatment, permission was not sought from that parent. Instead, the other parent provided consent, ensuring ethical protection of participants. Informed consent was obtained directly from the ‘non-ill parent’, during their visit to the hospital. For the control group (children and adolescents of parents without mental illness), informed consent was obtained from the parents by distributing the forms to the participants at their schools, who got those signed by their parents. In addition to the parental informed consent, assent from children and adolescents of both groups (with and without parental mental illness) was obtained.
: All Authors gave consent for publication.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
