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Article History

Received: 5 February 2026

Accepted: 6 March 2026

First Online: 10 April 2026

Declarations

:

: Ethics approval was obtained from the Ethics Committee of Northern Jiangsu People’s Hospital, an affiliated hospital of Yangzhou University (2025ky033). Written informed consent was obtained from all the participants or, if they were under the age of 18, from their parents or guardians, in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki. This cross-sectional study was approved by the Ethics Committee of our Hospital (2025ky033). All participants provided written informed consent (including the publication of anonymized scar images) in line with the Declaration of Helsinki. Participant screening and data collection took place in the Department of Clinical Psychology at our Hospital. On the day of enrollment, all eligible participants completed demographic and scar-related questionnaires, scar photography, and scale assessments.

: Not applicable.

: The authors declare no competing interests.