Bao, Kunming
Bao, Dongjun
Lu, Shoujun
Lu, Jin
Yang, Yanfang
Xiu, Jiaming
Lin, Yong
Zhang, Yanbin
Xiao, Guitao
Qiu, Jiangfan
Ma, Yangjie
Chen, Jie
Luo, Yuanyun
Lin, Yun
Qiu, Weilong
Chen, Lianna
Lin, Lu
Huang, Zhidong
Zhang, Chenlu
Li, Ganyang
Fang, Yong
Gu, Wenjun
Chen, Kaihong
Article History
Received: 2 February 2026
Accepted: 13 March 2026
First Online: 20 March 2026
Declarations
:
: The NHANES research protocols were approved by the NCHS Research Ethics Review Board, and all participants provided written informed consent. Our analysis was exempt from Institutional Review Board approval under the Common Rule, as NHANES data are de-identified and publicly accessible. Our study adhered to the Declaration of Helsinki.
: Consent for publication is not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.