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Article History

Received: 13 September 2025

Accepted: 10 April 2026

First Online: 21 April 2026

Declarations

:

: The authors assert that all procedures contributing to this work comply with the ethical standards of the relevant national and institutional committees on human experimentation and with the Helsinki Declaration of 1975, as revised in 2013. All procedures involving human subjects/patients were approved by the Kanuni Sultan Süleyman Training and Research Hospital Clinical Research Ethics Committee with the letter number 2023.12.176. Written informed consent was obtained from all participants prior to their inclusion in the study. For patients under legal guardianship, written consent was also obtained from their guardians.

: Not applicable.

: During the preparation of this work, the authors used ChatGPT (OpenAI) to improve the readability of the manuscript. After using this tool, the authors reviewed and edited the content as needed and take full responsibility for the final version. All scientific content, analyses, and interpretations were developed solely by the authors.

: The authors declare no competing interests.