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Authors
Hong, Hwanhee
Zhao, Congwen
Jeon, Kyungeun
Goicoechea, Elena Badillo
Brantner, Carly L.
Ringlein, Grace V.
Zandi, Peter P.
Gagliardi, Jane P.
Goes, Fernando S.
Goldstein, Benjamin A.
Stuart, Elizabeth A.
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Patient-Centered Outcomes Research Institute (ME-2020C3-21145)
National Institute of Mental Health (R01MH126856)
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Article History
Received: 4 December 2025
Accepted: 30 April 2026
First Online: 25 May 2026
Declarations
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: Ethical approval of the study was obtained from the Duke IRB (Pro00108971) and the Johns Hopkins University IRB (IRB0017538). Because this was a retrospective data analysis, informed consent from participants was not required. All study procedures were conducted in accordance with relevant ethical guidelines and regulations, adhering to the Declaration of Helsinki.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
