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Authors
Li, Jie
Jiang, Shuqin
Hu, Xinjie
Zhou, Chengchao
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
National Natural Science Foundation of China (72004119)
National Natural Science Foundation of China (71974117)
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Article History
Received: 13 November 2024
Accepted: 6 July 2026
First Online: 16 July 2026
Declarations
Ethics approval and consent to participate: This study was a secondary analysis of data from the China Migrants Dynamic Survey. It was approved and administered by the National Health Commission of China, and written informed consent was obtained from all participants at the time of data collection. The present study involved secondary analysis of anonymized survey data with no identifiable personal information. In accordance with policies of the Institutional Review Board of the School of Public Health of Shandong University, it was exempt from additional ethical review.
Consent for publication: Not applicable.
Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests.
