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Authors
Ma, Yifan
Wang, Yun
Fan, Qingchen
Li, Meihua
Li, Ruinan
Li, Xiaoya
Chen, Xiongying
Zhang, Zhifang
Liu, Rui
Zhang, Ling
Zhou, Yuan https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6378-1711
Wang, Gang
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Beijing Municipal Science & Technology Commission (Z181100001518005)
Brain Science and Brain-like Intelligence Technology-National Science and Technology Major Project (2021ZD0200600, 2021ZD0200601)
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Article History
Received: 25 April 2026
Accepted: 31 August 2026
First Online: 4 September 2026
Declarations
Ethics approval and consent to participate: The study strictly adhered to the tenets of the Declaration of Helsinki and was formally approved by the ethics committee of Beijing Anding Hospital (Approval No. 2021–70, 2020–106). Written informed consent was obtained from all participants and their legal guardians after a full explanation of the study aims and procedures.
Consent for publication: Not applicable.
Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests.
