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Article History

Received: 2 November 2018

Accepted: 12 April 2019

First Online: 30 April 2019

Authors’ information

: JFN has a PhD in Epidemiology. He has extensive experience in analyzing population health surveys in the dimensions of mental health and aging. His areas of interest include social epidemiology, aging, and mental health. IB has a PhD in Epidemiology. Her research focuses on the social and cultural determinants of health, especially in the areas of mental health and health-related practices. CBA has a MSc in epidemiology. Her areas of interest include transmissible and non-transmissible diseases. CAG is a psychologist and has a PhD in Epidemiology. Her areas of interest include mental health and aging; as well as its social determinants.

: All participants in SAGE signed an informed consent. All procedures in the SAGE study was approved by the following institutional review boards: Ethics Review Committee, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland; Ethics Committee, Shanghai Municipal Centre for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai, China; Ethical Committee, University of Ghana Medical School, Accra, Ghana; Institutional Review Board, International Institute of Population Sciences, Mumbai, India; Ethics Committee, National Institute of Public Health, Cuernavaca, Mexico; Ethics Committee, School of Preventive and Social Medicine, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, Moscow, Russia; and the Research Ethics Committee, Human Sciences Research Council, Pretoria, South Africa. This manuscript is based on a secondary analysis of the anonymized SAGE database.

: Not applicable.

: The authors declare that they have no competing interests.

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