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Article History

Received: 27 March 2019

Accepted: 26 June 2019

First Online: 9 July 2019

Ethics approval and consent to participate

: Ethical approval to conduct the present study was obtained from the Ethics Committee of Faculty of Medicine, Tsukuba University (No. 1374). All procedures were performed in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional and/or national research committees and the 1964 Helsinki Declaration and its later amendments, or comparable ethical standards. The consent to participate was implied by completion of the questionnaire. Before starting the survey, the purpose of the survey, the voluntary nature of participation, the anonymity and confidentiality of the responses, and a guarantee of secure data management were clearly explained to the participants. Then, respondents who gave their consent to participate chose the answer “yes, I agree to the terms and conditions”, and therefore they could proceed to the questionnaire. Respondents who did not give their consent to participate chose the answer “no, I do not agree”, and they could not proceed to the questionnaire.

: No identifiable individual participation data are contained in the manuscript.

: Daisuke Hori, Yuichi Oi, Shotaro Doki, Shinichiro Sasahara, and Ichiyo Matsuzaki are members of the Occupational Health Committee of TSCN, without pay.