Shayo, Festo K. http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5096-9379
Kalomo, Mariam H.
Article History
Received: 4 February 2019
Accepted: 16 September 2019
First Online: 12 October 2019
Ethics approval and consent to participate
: The present study was based on an analysis of the existing public domain of the five countries GSHS survey datasets that are freely available online with all identifier information detached. The GSHS surveys were approved by appropriate government agencies (e.g. ministries of education and health. Written assent was obtained from all students eligible to participate in the GSHS before filling the questionnaire. Students were invited to participate in the study and were clearly explained that they were free not to participate and also not to respond to any question on the questionnaire. Survey procedures were designed to protect student privacy by allowing for anonymous and voluntary participation. Therefore, the ethical approval for the current analysis was automatically deemed unnecessary.
: Not applicable for the current analysis.
: The authors declare that they have no competing interests.