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Article History

Received: 13 October 2019

Accepted: 15 June 2020

First Online: 19 June 2020

Ethics approval and consent to participate

: All procedures performed in the study involving human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional and/or national research committee and with the 1964 Helsinki declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards. The survey was also conducted within the article 38, 39, and 40 of the Constitution of People’s Republic of China and the legal framework governed by Chapter I, Article 9 from the statistics law of the People’s Republic of China. Therefore, the study was not reviewed by ethics committee. Verbal informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study. The design of this survey was within the article 38, 39, and 40 of the Constitution of People’s Republic of China and the legal framework governed by Chapter I, Article 9 from the statistics law of the People’s Republic of China. Verbal informed consent was acceptable and was not reviewed by ethics committee. Moreover, the interviewer also had documented the more details information on the process of obtaining informed consent, which included whether agree to attend this study, the time of agree to attend this study, the reasons of disagree to attend this study, and so on. Details of informed consent was stored by the Institute of Gerontology and National Survey Research Center at Renmin University of China.

: Not applicable.

: Non-financial competing interests.