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Article History

Received: 26 March 2020

Accepted: 6 July 2020

First Online: 16 July 2020

Ethics approval and consent to participate

: Ethical clearance for the RISE study (from which the data for this study come) was obtained from the University of Zambia Biomedical Research Ethics Committee (ref no 021–06-15) and the Regional Ethics Committee of Western Norway (ref no 2015/895) before the start of the trial in 2015. Participation was voluntary and all girls enrolled in grade 7 in 2016 were eligible to participate, including those who were married or pregnant. As the majority of the participants were under 18, parents were asked to give, informed consent for their child’s participation and thereafter the girl was asked for her informed assent; girls over the age of 18 were asked for their informed assent directly. Both parents and participants provided written consent/assent. Appropriate procedures for data handling and confidentiality were followed; interviews were carried out using password-protected electronic tablets, and data was downloaded to a secure server (owned by the University of Bergen). Interview responses were not stored together with names and contact details, each participant was given a unique identifier number used for storing forms.

: Not Applicable.

: The authors declare that they have no competing interests.