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Article History

Received: 12 June 2020

Accepted: 26 November 2020

First Online: 9 December 2020

Ethics approval and consent to participate

: The survey was a routine project conducted by Beijing CDC in order to monitor the health risk behaviors of the youth. Verbal informed consent was obtained from both participants and their parents/legal guardians before investigation. All participants, together with their parents/legal guardians, had been informed that this survey would be conducted anonymously as well as confidentially, and that their privacy would thus be respected. The researcher in Peking University obtained the grant from the Ministry of Education of China (to YS) to identify the priority health problems among Chinese adolescents and describe the characteristics of the adolescents with health risk behaviors, thus, we have been authorized to access to the raw data from the Beijing CDC. Before the dataset has been authorized to Peking University, the Medical Research Ethics Committee were not involved in the study and therefore did not approve the data collection procedure for verbal consent. However, it approved the data analysis procedure and further academic study (IRB00001052–17010).”

: Not applicable.

: The authors declare that they have no competing interests.