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Authors
Torres, Jacqueline M.
Alcala, Emanuel
Shaver, Amber
Collin, Daniel F.
Franck, Linda S.
Gomez, Anu Manchikanti
Karasek, Deborah
Nidey, Nichole
Hotard, Michael
Hamad, Rita
Pacheco-Werner, Tania
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Article History
Received: 1 December 2021
Accepted: 19 July 2022
First Online: 29 July 2022
Declarations
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: The Committee for the Protection of Human Subjects, the institutional review board for the California Health and Human Services Agency, and Vital Statistics Advisory Committee approved the study protocol. This manuscript is based on the retrospective secondary analysis of vital statistics information; waiver of informed consent was obtained by the Committee for the Protection of Human Subjects of the California Health and Human Services Agency. All analyses were carried out in accordance with relevant guidelines and regulations as determined by the institutional review board of the California Health and Human Services Agency.
: Not applicable.
: None to declare.
